Exposure to WASH-borne hazards: A scoping study on peri-urban Ger areas in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

This scoping study investigates the WASH-borne hazards in peri-urban Ger areas of Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. Through field of observations, key informant interviews, and household survey, the study identifies critical issues such as unsanitary latrines, inadequate waste management, and the lack of safe water supply. Seasonal effects on biological contamination of water were observed, with summer posing higher risks. Recommendations include the implemention of water safety plans, improved water storage and monitoring, and comprehensive WASH interventions, considering the study's implication for both peri-urban and urban populations. This research underscores the need for an intergrated approach to urban planning and public health to reduce the exposure to WASH-borne hazards.